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Browse subjects › Sains Komputer Form 4 › Chapter 1: Programming
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Form 4 · Sains Komputer · iSchool.myChapter 1:ProgrammingComputational thinking–DecompositionPattern recognitionAbstractionAlgorithm designProblem-solvingprocess–Step 1: Analyse problemand requirementsStep 2: DesignalgorithmStep 3: Code programStep 4: Test and debugStep 5: Document andmaintainAlgorithmrepresentations–PseudocodeFlowchart symbolsTrace tableData and operators–Integer, real, Boolean,character and stringVariables and constantsArithmetic, relationaland logical operatorsControl structures–SequenceSelection: if / if-else /switchRepetition: for / while/ do-whileWorked algorithmexample: calculateaverage–Input three marks: m1,m2, m3Process: average = (m1+ m2 + m3) / 3Selection: if average ≥50 then PASS else FAILExample data: 60, 45, 75Calculation: (60 + 45 +75) / 3 = 60Output: average 60,PASSJava-style codeexample–int total = 0;for (int i=1; i<=5; i++)total += i;System.out.println(total);Trace: 1+2+3+4+5 = 15Modular programming–Procedure performstaskFunction returns valueParameters pass dataBenefits: reuse, testingand readabilityArrays–Stores same-typevalues under one nameIndex starts accordingto language conventionLoop processes eachelementErrors and testing–Syntax errorRuntime errorLogic errorNormal, boundary andinvalid test data